[1] Xuan Lin, Xinwei Wu, Chenwei Du, Youfa Li*. Sixty Years of Mental Health Surveillance for Children and Adolescents in the United States: Framework Development Analysis and Implications. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences). 25 September 2023.
IF: 2.432, Chinese SSCI
Mental health surveillance is of great significance to the identification of children's and adolescents' psychological problems and the promotion of their mental health. It is one of the focuses of current education in China. The mental health surveillance of children and adolescents in the United States started early and developed rapidly. In the 60 years from 1960 to now, it has gone through four stages: The Pre-surveillance stage, the Death and Risk Behavior Surveillance stage, the Comprehensive Mental Health Surveillance stage, and the Psychological Neuroscience Integration stage. It covers 11 surveillance projects and has developed a more comprehensive surveillance framework. The surveillance framework contains rich indicators, which can be divided into two parts: Mental health and the influencing factors of mental health. Among them, mental health includes more than 60 indicators indicators of mental disorders, emotional and behavioral problems, and positive mental health; The influencing factors of mental health include more than 50 kinds of risk and protective factors at the individual, family, and social levels. At the same time, the surveillance tools are highly mature and the surveillance system is highly innovative. The rich experience of the United States in this field provides good reference and inspiration for China to improve the framework design over time, strengthen the depth and breadth of surveillance indicators, and develop surveillance tools.
[2] Xinwei Wu, Xuan Lin, Youfa Li*. Analysis of Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment and Its Implications for Quality Assessment of Physical Education in China. Journal of China Examinations. 10 August 2023.
IF: 2.332, Chinese SSCI
Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment（CAMSA）is a well-developed and widely used tool for children's fundamental movement skill testing. This study analyzes CAMSA from its development background, test content, test implementation, and application status, aiming to provide implications for including fundamental movement skill assessment to the China National Assessment of Education Quality- Physical Education & Health System. The results show that CAMSA has the following characteristics: The test design is innovative with a high degree of reproduction of authentic sports scenes; the evaluation perspective is comprehensive, taking into account both the quality and efficiency of movement completion; the test process is standardized, and it is feasible to carry out large-scale tests. CAMSA has the following four implications for monitoring fundamental movement skills in China: first, it is necessary to draw on advanced assessment concepts while conforming to national conditions in developing testing tools; second, it is essential to combine both product-oriented assessment and process-oriented assessment in formulating assessment criteria; third, there is a need to standardize the behavior and language-use of test participants in the formulation of test plans; finally, the application of test results needs to focus on both horizontal breadth across regions and vertical trend of individual/group development. It is of positive significance to construct and improve the China National Assessment of Education Quality-Physical Education & Health System by using the assessment experience of CAMSA reasonably.
Topic 2: Therapeutic Effects of Exercise
[1] Xuan Lin, Jiaxin Zheng, Qian Zhang, Youfa Li*. The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Movement Therapy on Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Mental Health and Physical Activity. . 12 September 2023.
Objective: To make a comprehensive evaluation of the long-term anxiolytic effects of mindfulness-based movement (MBM) therapy and potential variations in demographic and intervention characteristics. Methods: Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before 30 February 2023. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and moderator analyses were used. Results: A total of 66 studies (k = 82) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control groups (n = 3,695), the MBM intervention groups (n = 3,692) had significantly reduced anxiety with a small effect (SMD = 0.440, 95% CI: 0.345 to 0.535, p < 0.001, = 72.48%). Moderator analysis showed that MBM type, research area, sex, age, health status, number of sessions, frequency of sessions, program length, and research quality played moderating roles. Interventions longer than 8 weeks with 2 sessions per week and a session duration of over 60 minutes were most effective in reducing anxiety. Conclusion: MBM therapy is an effective alternative or adjuvant intervention for anxiety across participant characteristics and research area. Future research should improve the quality and design and compare the anxiolytic effects between different types of MBM interventions or between MBM interventions and other intervention types. It is also necessary to analyze the dose effects of MBM interventions.
[2] Xiaoxia Man, Xuan Lin, Gaoxia Wei, Youfa Li*. The Effects of Exercise on Human Empathy: Research Progress, Prospect and Cognitive Neural Mechanism. Science & Technology Review. 28 May 2022.
IF: 1.565, Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD)
Empathy is the ability to perceive and understand other people's emotions and intentions and to respond accordingly, and it is of great significance for human beings to establish and maintain social relations. A large number of studies have shown that the exercise can promote empathy. Specifically, it is known that, from the exercise interest and the exercise mode, one can positively predict empathy, while the relationship between the exercise experience, the exercise volume, and the empathy is not clear; The exercise promotes empathy through two possible cognitive neural mechanisms: The exercise promotes the emotional empathy by activating the mirror nervous system, and the exercise promotes the cognitive empathy by promoting the cognitive control system. However, this hypothesis still lacks adequate evidence. Generally, more evidence is needed to solve the following problems: Current research results are not comparable due to their different and insufficient research designs; Most of the studies focused on healthy people while ignoring the clinical people who need to improve their empathy; In the most researches of the cognitive neural mechanism, only one technology instead of the multimodal imaging technology is used, with the limitations in the data repeatability. It is suggested that future researchers should: 1) Further refine the experimental design, clarify the dose-effects of the exercise interest, the exercise experience, and the exercise volume on different components of empathy; 2) Pay attention to the development of the exercise prescriptions for people with empathy defects such as the autism and Alzheimer's disease; 3) Promote interdisciplinary integration and technological innovation, and deepen the research of the cognitive neural mechanism of the impact of exercise on empathy.
Topic 3: Exploring the Role of Physical Education through Big Data
[1] Yehui Wang, Yimei Zhang, Zhiying Zhu, Xuan Lin, Youfa Li*. The Influence of Physical Education Curriculum Implementation on Fourth Grade Mathematics Academic Achievement: Based on the Empirical Research of National Compulsory Education Quality Assessment. Journal of China Examinations. 10 February 2023.
To advance education reform and improve the quality of compulsory education, the government has issued active policies of “educating five domains simultaneously” to promote the implementation of quality education. However, an issue in the current education and teaching is that intellectual education is put in the first place, and physical education is ignored. Phenomena such as intellectual classes occupying the time for physical education classes and lack of physical exercise among students have occurred frequently. This study used the 2015 China National Assessment of Education Quality data and the structural equation model to explore the promoting effect of the implementation of primary physical education curriculum on mathematics achievement. The results showed that: the implementation of a physical education curriculum has a positive effect on students' mathematics studies; physical education curriculum implementation has a positive impact on students’ mathematics achievement through cardiopulmonary function; physical education curriculum implementation has a positive effect on students’ mathematics achievement through healthy lifestyle-mathematical interest. Therefore, schools should attach great importance to the implementation of physical education curriculum, comprehensively improve the quality of physical education, and give full play to physical education in promoting the all-round development of students.
Conference Papers
[1] Xuan Lin, Jiaxin Zheng, Qian Zhang, Youfa Li*.Presentation. The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Movement Therapy on Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 25th National Academic Conference of Psychology. 13 October 2023.
Objective: To make a comprehensive evaluation of the long-term anxiolytic effects of mindfulness-based movement (MBM) therapy and potential variations in demographic and intervention characteristics. Methods: Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before 30 February 2023. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and moderator analyses were used. Results: A total of 66 studies (k = 82) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control groups (n = 3,695), the MBM intervention groups ( = 3,692) had significantly reduced anxiety with a small effect (SMD = 0.440, 95% CI: 0.345 to 0.535, p < 0.001, = 72.48%). Moderator analysis showed that MBM type, research area, sex, age, health status, number of sessions, frequency of sessions, program length, and research quality played moderating roles. Interventions longer than 8 weeks with 2 sessions per week and a session duration of over 60 minutes were most effective in reducing anxiety. Conclusion: MBM therapy is an effective alternative or adjuvant intervention for anxiety across participant characteristics and research area. Future research should improve the quality and design and compare the anxiolytic effects between different types of MBM interventions or between MBM interventions and other intervention types. It is also necessary to analyze the dose effects of MBM interventions.
[2] Xuan Lin, Songyue Xie, Huijuan Chen, Jiaxin Zheng, Jie Li*, Yu Zhang*.Poster. Review of Football Referee Decision Making: Psychological Factors and Training Methods. 23rd National Academic Conference of Psychology. 30 October 2021.
Objects: Football referees often need to overcome the impact of physiological, psychological, and environmental changes to make a series of fast and accurate decisions in dynamic situations. Previous studies focused mostly on physiological factors, while psychological factors in the decision-making of football referees can not be ignored. Therefore, the current study combs the results of a series of studies on the psychological factors and psychological training methods of football referee decision-making. Method: With "soccer reference/football reference" and "decision/decisions/decision making/judge/judging" as keywords, literature retrieval was conducted from Web of Science and EBSCO. Results: From 344 pieces of literature, 91 papers were included in the analysis, which mainly summarized the psychological characteristics, external factors, and training methods of football referee decision-making. In terms of psychological characteristics, the referee's indirect experience in football before taking office will affect the performance of decision-making. For referees, visual skills, visual scan patterns, domain-specific skills, and emotion control ability all influence the decision-making process. For assistant referees, the decision-making factors are more reflected in handling the flash-lag effect than in visual scan patterns. In terms of external factors, external environmental factors, such as the initial penalty standard, team score, team or player reputation, the number of crowds, crowd noise, and home advantage will affect the referee's cognition of the game and, therefore affect the decision-making process. In the aspect of decision-making training, there are mainly imagery training and video simulation training. The latter is divided into animation simulation training, real-situation video simulation training, and virtual reality 3D simulation training. Prospects: First of all, current research mostly used general measurements to explore the psychological factors of referees. In the future, more measurements specifically designed for football referees and assistant referees can be developed. Secondly, the training methods developed now mainly focus on the offside judgment of assistant referees, which can be expanded to more application scenarios in the future. Finally, most of the current research discovered the correlation between psychological factors and decision, but a lack of explanation of the underlying psychological and neural mechanisms. Future research can make up for this deficiency.
[3] Huijuan Chen, Jiaxin Zheng, Xuan Lin, Songyue Xie, Jie Li*, Yu Zhang*.Poster. Review of Perceptual Cognitive Expertise in Soccer Referee. 23rd National Academic Conference of Psychology. 30 October 2021.
Objects: Perceptual cognitive expertise refers to the ability of performers to identify and process (environmental) information for integration with existing knowledge to facilitate the selection of appropriate responses under time pressure. Soccer referees are required to make a large number of decisions quickly and there is a great demand for perceptual cognitive expertise in soccer referees. Existing studies and reviews lack an overview of the perceptual-cognitive expertise of referees, so this paper provides a systematic review of the factors influencing the perceptual-cognitive processes, perceptual-cognitive skills, and training of soccer referees. Method: Using the systematic review method, the four databases "EBSCO", "Web of Science", "ScienceDirect", "China National Knowledge Infrastructure" and related references were searched for the keywords "soccer/football referee" + "perceptual cognition/ perception/perceptual-cognitive", 594 articles were further screened and 40 pieces of literature were included in the analysis. Results: (1) Factors affecting perceptual cognitive processes can be divided into internal and external factors. The results of internal factors suggest that the number of years of refereeing and the number of hours of training per week can have an impact on perceptual-cognitive processes. Research on external factors has shown that: the distance and angle of the referee from the player alter his depth perception and visual perception; referees' on-field running speed can have an impact; and slow-motion replay of match video will improve the referee's sensitivity to fouls. (2) Perceptual cognitive skills consist mainly of recognition and recall capacity, anticipation, and decision-making. Increased expertise and training can improve recognition and recall capacity; causal perception affects the referee's anticipation; the flash-lag effect is a major cause of offside decision errors, and expertise and perceptual-cognitive training can counter its adverse consequences. (3) At present, video simulation training and computer animation training are the two main training methods for perceptual cognition, which improve the correct rate of referee recognition and decision-making. In recent years, blurred environments and virtual reality have also been used as training methods to improve the perceptual cognition of soccer referees. Prospects: (1) Researchers have focused more on the subject of assistant referees and less on head referees, and subsequent research on head referees could be added. (2) Perceptual cognitive skills lack their own domain-specific research paradigm and existing research has mostly used generic measuring methods. In the future, research paradigms with domain characteristics can be developed. (3) The field of perceptual-cognitive skills is still controversial, such as the mechanism of causal perception on anticipation, and needs to be further investigated with a larger scale of participants and different research paradigms. (4) Perceptual cognitive training tools are still in their infancy, and subsequent research can provide a deeper exploration of training methods and the neural mechanisms affected by training.
